A Pilot Review of the Research Literature on Youth Recidivism in Education

Nicholas Angelo1, Nathan Alexander, PhD1, 2


1 Department of Curriculum and Instruction, School of Education
2 Program in Applied Data Science and Analytics, The Graduate School

Abstract

We investigate racial disparities in U.S. incarceration rates and capital punishment to highlight systemic inequities within the criminal justice system. Our hypotheses align with research literature and historical data, indicating that Black Americans are incarcerated at disproportionately higher rates than other groups; we take a particular focus on southern states. We also examine racial bias in the administration of the death penalty, specifically analyzing data on Black defendants. By utilizing multiple sources of state-level data, we aim to uncover how race influences patterns of incarceration and sentencing, emphasizing the need for reforms to address persistent inequities and promote fairness in the justice system.

Overview

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Method

We explore the research literature relating to issues of youth recidivism in education. The focus of t

Data

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study
Code Criteria
IC1 Article contains study keywords in the title (TI) or abstract (AB)
IC2 Article published between 2015 and 2024
IC3 Article originally written in English
IC4 Article is a journal article
IC5 Article purpose or core questions center on the topical subjects of analysis

Analytic framework

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Findings

The main information about the study data.

Description Results
MAIN INFORMATION ABOUT DATA
Timespan 2014:2023
Sources (Journals, Books, etc) 66
Documents 73
Annual Growth Rate % 15.53
Document Average Age 6.19
Average citations per doc 14.53
Average citations per year per doc 2.386
References 4118
DOCUMENT TYPES
article 68
editorial material 1
proceedings paper 2
review 2
DOCUMENT CONTENTS
Keywords Plus (ID) 331
Author’s Keywords (DE) 295
AUTHORS
Authors 256
Author Appearances 259
Authors of single-authored docs 13
AUTHORS COLLABORATION
Single-authored docs 13
Documents per Author 0.285
Co-Authors per Doc 3.55
International co-authorships % 17.81

Main Sources

kable(S[9]) # Main sources (journals)
Sources Articles
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY 3
CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2
DEVIANT BEHAVIOR 2
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE 2
PLOS ONE 2
2017 3RD IEEE CONFERENCE ON ENERGY CONVERSION (CENCON) 1
AGGRESSION AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR 1
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR 1
AJAR-AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AIDS RESEARCH 1

Keywords

kable(S[10]) # Author Keywords and Keywords-Plus
Author Keywords (DE) Articles Keywords-Plus (ID) Articles
DEVIANCE 7 DEVIANCE 12
ADOLESCENTS 6 DELINQUENCY 10
ADOLESCENCE 3 ADOLESCENTS 8
DELINQUENCY 3 SUBSTANCE USE 8
EDUCATION 3 YOUTH 8
PEER DEVIANCE 3 BEHAVIOR 6
RISK FACTORS 3 CRIME 6
SUBSTANCE USE 3 HEALTH 6
YOUTH 3 DRUG-USE 5
ALCOHOL 2 EDUCATION 5

Discussion

This is the discussion section (Alexander 2021).

This is the further discussion.

Conclusion

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Acknowledgements

These are the acknowledgements. This work was supporting by funding from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (Grant 2023-21062).

References

Alexander, Michelle. 2021. “The New Jim Crow.” In Power and Inequality, 300–304. Routledge.